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Formatting Numerical and Date Fields
Formatting Numerical and Date Fields
Formatting Numerical
and Date Fields
Numerical fields and date or time fields can be displayed in many different
ways. This can be controlled with format strings, which represent the output
formatting in a symbolical way.
Formatting Numerical Fields
| Specifier |
Represents |
0
| Digit place holder. If the value being formatted has a digit in the position
where the '0' appears in the format string, that digit is copied to the output
string. Otherwise, a '0' is stored in that position in the output string. | #
| Digit placeholder. If the value being formatted has a digit in the position
where the '#' appears in the format string, that digit is copied to the output
string. Otherwise, nothing is stored in that position in the output string. | .
| Decimal point. The first '.' character in the format string determines the
location of the decimal separator in the formatted value; any additional '.'
characters are ignored. The actual character used as the decimal separator in the
output string is specified in the Number Format of the International section in
the Windows Control Panel. | ,
| Thousand separator. If the format string contains one or more ',' characters,
the output will have thousand separators inserted between each group of three
digits to the left of the decimal point. The placement and number of ','
characters in the format string does not affect the output, except to indicate that
thousand separators are wanted. The actual character used as the thousand
separator in the output is specified in the Number Format of the International section
in the Windows Control Panel. | E+
| Scientific notation. If any of the strings 'E+', 'E-', 'e+', or 'e-' are
contained in the format string, the number is formatted using scientific notation. A
group of up to four '0' characters can immediately follow the 'E+', 'E-',
'e+', or 'e-' to determine the minimum number of digits in the exponent. The 'E+'
and 'e+' formats cause a plus sign to be output for positive exponents and a
minus sign to be output for negative exponents. The 'E-' and 'e-' formats output a
sign character only for negative exponents. | | 'xx'/"xx' | Characters enclosed in single or double quotes are output as-is, and do not
affect formatting. | | ; | Separates sections for positive, negative, and zero numbers in the format
string. |
The locations of the leftmost '0' before the decimal point in the format
string and the rightmost '0' after the decimal point in the format string determine
the range of digits that are always present in the output string.
The number being formatted is always rounded to as many decimal places as
there are digit placeholders ('0' or '#') to the right of the decimal point. If the
format string contains no decimal point, the value being formatted is rounded
to the nearest whole number.
If the number being formatted has more digits to the left of the decimal
separator than there are digit placeholders to the left of the '.' character in the
format string, the extra digits are output before the first digit placeholder.
To allow different formats for positive, negative, and zero values, the format
string can contain between one and three sections separated by semicolons.
- One section: The format string applies to all values.
- Two sections: The first section applies to positive values and zeros, and the
second section applies to negative values.
- Three sections: The first section applies to positive values, the second
applies to negative values, and the third applies to zeros.
If the section for negative values or the section for zero values is empty,
that is if there is nothing between the semicolons that delimit the section, the
section for positive values is used instead.
If the section for positive values is empty, or if the entire format string is
empty, the value is formatted using general floating-point formatting with 15
significant digits. General floating-point formatting is also used if the value
has more than 18 digits to the left of the decimal point and the format string
does not specify scientific notation.
Formatting Date and Time Fields
The following formatting options are available for date and time:
| Specifier | Displays | c
| Displays the date using the format given by Windows' default short date format
, followed by the time using the format given by the default Windows long time
format. The time is not displayed if the fractional part of the DateTime value
is zero. | d
| Displays the day as a number without a leading zero (1-31). | dd
| Displays the day as a number with a leading zero (01-31).
| ddd
| Displays the day as an abbreviation (Sun-Sat).
| dddd
| Displays the day as a full name (Sunday-Saturday).
| ddddd
| Displays the date in short format
| dddddd
| Displays the date in long format.
| | m | Displays the month as a number without a leading zero (1-12). If the m
specifier immediately follows an h or hh specifier, the minute rather than the month
is displayed.
| | mm | Displays the month as a number with a leading zero (01-12). If the mm
specifier immediately follows an h or hh specifier, the minute rather than the month is
displayed.
| mmm
| Displays the month as an abbreviation (Jan-Dec).
| mmmm
| Displays the month as a full name (January-December). | yy
| Displays the year as a two-digit number (00-99). | yyy
| Displays the year as a four-digit number (0000-9999). | h
| Displays the hour without a leading zero (0-23).
| hh
| Displays the hour with a leading zero (00-23).
| n
| Displays the minute without a leading zero (0-59).
| nn
| Displays the minute with a leading zero (00-59).
| s
| Displays the second without a leading zero (0-59).
| ss
| Displays the second with a leading zero (00-59).
| t
| Displays the time using in short format.
| tt
| Displays the time in long format.
| am/pm
| Uses the 12-hour clock for the preceding h or hh specifier, and displays 'am'
for any hour before noon, and 'pm' for any hour after noon. The am/pm specifier
can use lower, upper, or mixed case, and the result is displayed accordingly.
| a/p
| Uses the 12-hour clock for the preceding h or hh specifier, and displays 'a'
for any hour before noon, and 'p' for any hour after noon. The a/p specifier can
use lower, upper, or mixed case, and the result is displayed accordingly.
| ampm
| Uses the 12-hour clock for the preceding h or hh specifier, and displays the
contents of the TimeAMString global variable for any hour before noon, and the
contents of the TimePMString global variable for any hour after noon.
| /
| Displays the date separator character given by the Windows country settings.
| :
| Displays the time separator character given by the Windows country settings.
| 'xx'/"xx"
| Characters enclosed in single or double quotes are displayed as-is, and do
not
affect formatting.
|
Format specifiers may be written in upper case as well as in lower case
letters--both produce the same result.
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